A Nominal Anglican Responds

The Venerable Edward Michael George posts a long quotation from Soren Kierkegaard on the need to work for one’s bread. You can read it here.

The short form was elucidated by Bob Dylan:

Well, God said to Abraham “Kill me a son”
Abe said “Man, you must be putting me on”
God said “No”
Abe said “Wha?t”
God said “You do what you want to, Abe but
The next time you see me coming, you’d better run”
Abe said “Where do you want this killing done?”
God said “Out on that Highway 61″

Mr. George and I have rather different conceptions of God. It appears he is inclined towards importing the Old Testament’s vengeful Lord into the New Testament’s new dispensation. “‘labour and be heavy laden’” quotes Mr. George.

My own sense is that Mr. George fails to understand the meaning of the great day we are about to celebrate. If Easter has one great meaning it is the radical and overwhelming redemption of our sins embodied in the Resurrection. The Old Testament, not withstanding St. Paul’s best efforts, was firmly closed and a new world begun.

Jesus brings a burden of an entirely different sort than that imposed upon Abraham. One which it is possible to lift with joy rather than carry in fear.

Written by jay on March 20th, 2007 with 10 comments.
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Get your own gravatar by visiting gravatar.com EMG
#1. March 20th, 2007, at 9:28 PM.

My apologies, from the outset, for my use of ‘nominal’. I meant to say ‘notional’ as per our last exchange–I was trying to be cheeky–but got mixed up. I’ve changed it, blog etiquette be damned (in a fiery, Old Testament hell)!

In my defense (and Kierkegaard’s, as I’m certain that he’d agree with me), my deference to the continuing authority of the Old Testament is informed by this: “Think not that I am come to destroy the law, or the prophets: I am not come to destroy, but to fulfil” (Matthew 5:17). Which is to say that the new dispensation informs/affirms the old. To suggest then that the Old Testament has been ‘closed’ by Christ, that it is obsolete, is simply wrong.

The Roman Catechism puts it this way: “The Old Law is a preparation for the Gospel. ‘The law is a pedagogy and a prophecy of things to come’ [St. Irenaeus]. It prophecies and presages the work of liberation from sin which will be fulfilled in Christ …” Article 7 of the 39 Articles (to be found in the Book of Common Prayer–or did Bishop Ingham make you throw yours away?) says: “The Old Testament is not contrary to the New: for both in the Old and New Testament everlasting life is offered to Mankind by Christ … Wherefore they are not to be heard, which feign that the old Fathers did look only for transitory promises … No Christian man is free from the obedience of the Commandments which are called Moral.”

As for your remark about Easter, I do take your meaning, but I think what you yourself have failed to recognize is that the Resurrection was proceeded by the rather important event of the Crucifixion. (A detail that has long made many Anglicans uncomfortable–which might account for the absence in most of our churches of the body of Christ upon His Cross.) Two things, of equal importance, do we take from this event: one, that Christ died for our sins, that in his cross lies our salvation; two, that this was the very cross he referred to when he said “Whosoever will come after me, let him deny himself, and and take up his cross, and follow me” (Mark 8:34). That is to say: our salvation through the Paschal Lamb is not a done deal, it requires of us the sort of sacrifice implied by the cross (hardly a simple one, as it wasn’t even for God himself apparently).

And while, again, I take your meaning in your distinction between burdens of joy and burdens of fear, I think joy has a distinctly different meaning when applied to Christ’s Passion, then it does when applied to the sort of joy (if it can even be called that) we feel when we are told that society has been given a mandate to approve of us. The burden is neither joy nor fear, I think. It is a kind of transcendental ecstasy, that might, for the purposes of our discussion, be better understood through some consultation with the mystics.(But along these lines: one wonders what the point of Christ’s death and resurrection could ever have been if, post facto, we make it so that the sins for which he died were never sins in the first place.)

And … Oh, yes. The great theologian Bob Dylan. TouchĂ©! I’m lucky on this one, actually, as the introduction to my copy of “Fear and Trembling” deals directly with Bob’s song, so I’ll let Alistair Hannay address this. He says:

“For a modern consciousness the story is likely to be read as an anti-social parable of destruction and raw power. The opening verse of Bob Dylan’s song concludes, ‘God said, you can do what you want, Abe, but next time you see me comin’, you’d better run. Well, Abe said, where you want this killin’ done? God said, do it on Highway 61′. Faith, obedience, and mercy have here given way to disbelief, arbitrariness, and intimidation.

” … K’s focus, as originally, is on Abraham; Isaac is little more than a foil to Abraham’s greatness. Yet this greatness is not, as in the traditional reading, Abraham’s willingness to be an instrument of God’s omnipotence. K’s Abraham is great because of what he suffers in a trial of faith. And far from epitomizing social virtues, this Abraham’s suffering and greatness seem to isolate him in a very radical way from his society and its social ways.”

… Which is, I can’t help thinking, a rather tidy way of bringing us back to the first things of our argument. Christianity is a beautiful religion, full–as you say–of joy. But, to put it bluntly and without the qualification that it deserves, it is not, nor has it ever been a faith that can be acquired without serious work, serious personal sacrifice. Even He, after all, “became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross.”

Get your own gravatar by visiting gravatar.com jay
#2. March 21st, 2007, at 12:26 AM.

I’ve not time at the moment to answer, mostly with agreement, the wonderfully considered points you raise.

An Anglican priest who was also a friend of mine once remarked in a sermon that in his view people who did not attend the Good Friday service really should not bother coming Easter Sunday. I think he was right.

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#3. March 21st, 2007, at 2:34 PM.

It is an interesting argument and it begins with first things. Essentially it is about one’s conception of God and his Creation (in the most non-literal sense of that term).

For most of our Church’s history God’s role as a stern judge, derived directly from the Old Testament, has been dominant. The idea of Original Sin and the deeply held belief that by the very fact of our mortality we are all sinners in the eyes of God thundered down from Anglican pulpits. There was no escape, no act of grace which could save us. We were born damned.

Or were we?

Christian faith is indeed hard work and that work begins with recognizing the profound challenge which Jesus posed to the Old Testament’s depiction of God. It was not enough to accept the laws of the fathers or perform the rituals of the Temple. You were not saved by blind obedience - you were saved by acts, faith and Grace.

This is not an easy religion and the Anglican version of it makes it even less easy by eliminating many of the purely mechanical devices our brothers in Rome invented to make the Faith somewhat easier. The Protestant in Cramner was unwilling to accept any less than a God:

unto whom all hearts be open, all desires known, and from whom no secrets are hid.

Cramner does, however, provide a rather sucinct summary of the effect of Jesus on the Laws of the Prophets:

Our Lord Jesus Christ said: Hear, oh Israel, The Lord our God is one Lord; and thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind, and with all thy strength. This is the first commandment. And the second is like, namely this: Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself. There is none other commandment greater than these. On these two commandments hang all the Law and the Prophets.

Which is where I think any conversation about God, His Church, His People, needs to begin. To suggest that the assorted laws of the Prophets are all to be obeyed “or else” is certainly an option; but rather few Anglicans of my acquaintance keep Kosher or are prepped for the stoning of errant children.

When called on this most Anglicans eventually come back to Matthew 22:36-38 which suggests that the rest of the Commandments and, indeed, the corpus of the strictures in the Old Testament, are to be read in reference to these two, purposive, requirements.

Following rules, and the Torah has well over 600 of them, may appear hard but is, in fact, easy because it requires nothing more than knowledge and application of that knowledge.

Jesus, as reported in the New Testament, required more. He required men to adopt a substantive teleological position towards “the law”. What is the purpose of a particular law and can it be reconciled with the overarching requirements that one love God and love one’s neighbour?

That teleology is the joyful burden which I believe every Christian must bear.

Jesus was not about nit picking or logic chopping; rather he was rather straightforward as to what God wanted.

Which brings me to cases. Propose for a moment that someone were to suggest the ordination of women. There is, no doubt, plenty of Old Testament evidence suggesting that such a thing is contrary to God’s Will. But the simplist implication of loving each other serves to override that. Marriage for the divorced? Pretty much the same argument. Gay marriage? Again, ask what the purpose of the act is and you are likely to have your answer.

Jesus was a rather better lawyer than the gunsel in Mathew. He understood that importing a purpose test, a teleological imperative, he was finishing off the Temple priests and their blackletter approach to God’s word.

With Jesus we move from “God said” to “God meant”. It was a revolutionary moment and one which has provoked counter revolutions from St. Paul onward. Because life is so very much simpler if we can point at selected passages of Leviticus and think we have won the argument.

Jesus kicked the pillars from under the Temple and its rites: one might claim him as the first Protestant.

I agree with you entirely that Christianity requires a great deal of work. It is the work of bringing our prejudices into conformity with He who had none. The work of sacrificing our most fondly cherished beliefs on Christ’s simple altar of Love. It is, to follow in His footsteps and embrace the Other.

We cannot hope to attain His Grace; but, in Love, we may find its shadow and that is all the Blessing a man need have.

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#4. March 21st, 2007, at 10:57 PM.

Now I need some time.

Can I just point out though that while your fine points are, indeed, very fine, your discernment of the first things of this debate has gone and made our respective positions almost totally incommensurable. I refer, of course, to your Pelagian proclivities—a heresy by all standards, including, even, the contemporary Anglican one. You’re not really talking about Christianity anymore when you remove the Original Sin business.

I mean, you’re welcome to take the steak out of your serving of a steak and kidney pie, but it would be silly to claim that we’re still eating the same thing if I don’t. Sillier still if you maintain that you’re eating steak and kidney pie.

I only mention this.

Get your own gravatar by visiting gravatar.com jay
#5. March 22nd, 2007, at 12:20 AM.

I happily admit to Pelagian sympathies and, while one is obliged to nod in the direction of the Council of Carthage and the rigor of St. Augustine, one is also - within our Church - able to put the events of the Fifth Century into their rather primitive historical place.

The question is not one of removing Original Sin but rather understanding that notion within the context of the Gospels. To my mind, Christ’s teleological imperative demands nothing less than a sincere, but searching, re-examination of the decisions of the Church Fathers and a recognition that a vote by a group of men in 418 may not be the very last word on the subject.

Get your own gravatar by visiting gravatar.com EMG
#6. March 22nd, 2007, at 1:35 AM.

Again, this seems to me to be a very tricky business.

If the events of the Fifth Century can be so easily glossed over as primitive, then presumably the events of the First Century may be considered to be even primitiver. (How dependable can the Gospels be, after all, given that they were not only written by men at second or third hand, and by men without PhDs in either psychology OR sociology, but ABOUT a man without a PhD in psychology or sociology? … If the likes of Bishop Spong, Tom Harpur or our Bp. Ingham were given a free hand in this, one imagines the whole of Anglicanism becoming one interminable and tortured joke along the lines of the monk who misread ‘celebrate’ as ‘celibate’.)

There’s an important distinction to be made here between revision and what Aquinas insisted should be conceived of (and carried out as) a labour of reconciliation. Humility, and a faith that God does actually take an active interest in His Creation (and always has done), are rather important to grasping this–and are, as it happens, central to the Faith. Otherwise we’re left at the level of the sort of spiritual insight given us by Joan Osborne’s great hymn: “What if God was one of us?”

Cute and everything, but a little too bubblegum for one’s eternal soul, what?

Get your own gravatar by visiting gravatar.com jay
#7. March 22nd, 2007, at 7:26 AM.

Like our current Governor General, I think Joan is cute as a button.

The requirement of the non-degreed Jesus is that we consider the law as it relates to purpose. St. Augustine and his merry prelates had a Church to invent; there was little time to consider the possibility that a rather stout little Scottish (well, Irish probably) monk was on to something that might very well have to do with that purpose.

I’ve no doubt that God does take an active interest in his Creation (else my prayers really are in vain). The question Jesus raises is whether or not God wants his Creation to be rule bound or whether He wants it to think for itself.

One does not have to embrace Bp. Spong or Mathew Fox, to wonder whether or not the importation of the strictures of the Old Testament (God 1.0) is quite what was intended as the result of his Son’s time on Earth. My suggestion is that, each Sunday as you listen to the priest’s exhortation, you consider the possible meanings of “Love God, Love Thy Neighbour” as guides to conduct.

Bp. Ingram’s point was largely that the Church’s teachings vis a vis human sexuality were in need of substantial revision to reconcile them with a less superstitious age.

I am inclined to agree with him.

Get your own gravatar by visiting gravatar.com EMG
#8. March 22nd, 2007, at 9:48 AM.

We seem to be back onto this “Jesus set the seal on that crazy ol’ Old Testament, which He found totally embarrassing and weird” business. Which, really, is a kind of reverse superstition; it’s certainly a totally unique view, as Christianity goes. Just terribly, terribly gassy stuff.

But I don’t understand how the church’s position (and, let’s face it, we’re talking about Rome and Orthodoxy here, as Anglicanism has no position) on abortion, contraception, masturbation and homosexuality is ’superstitious.’ Doctrine prohibits these things (by varying degrees–the first, most stringently) and is supported theologically. Where’s the superstition? You’re thinking of something else perhaps? The hairy palms thing? That’s not doctrine. That’s just a bit of (as it were) fluff that kids and lapsed Catholics use to entertain their friends.

I do hope though that you, in your own turn, will consider that it’s just possible that a just and loving God wouldn’t allow significant theological errors to compound themselves over the course of 1500 years–presumably at the expense of, like, bazillions of well-meaning but apparently witless souls–for the sake of, what?, a few divine kicks. That sounds much more like Bob Dylan’s Old Testament God than anything on offer from the historic faith.

(I’m still plugging away at a reply to your longer post above, and will let you know when it’s up. I’ll put it on my site, as it (my site) is getting lonely.)

Get your own gravatar by visiting gravatar.com jay
#9. March 22nd, 2007, at 3:22 PM.

I’ll look forward to your reply.

I’m always pleased to be credited (damned?) with a “a totally unique view” of virtually anything. I fear, however, that I am not the first person to suggest that Jesus put paid to the loonier elements of Old Testament.

Again, Jesus was a rather better legal mind than his opponents. He understood that by asking if a particular rite, ritual or law served the greater purpose, he undercut the foundations of the several centuries of orthodox error which proceeded His Coming.

My suggestion is that God has been waiting for about 1500 years for his Creation to pay attention to the implications of Jesus’ rather clear message. I expect He gave the the earnest, but witless, souls a bye on the theological front simply because it necessarily takes a long time for understanding to emerge. But, then again, I am not much on the notion of damnation for minor errors.

Get your own gravatar by visiting gravatar.com EMG
#10. March 23rd, 2007, at 4:27 AM.

Okay. I’ve finally put something up.

It is, however, ridiculously long, and it is, alas, only Part 1. I’m so sorry for this. I don’t know how I manage to get myself stuck into these interminable word-concoctions.

Bring a book.

http://edwardmichaelgeorge.blogspot.com/2007/03/pelagius-rising-first-of-two-parts.html

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